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The master of business administration (MBA or M.B.A.) is a master's degree in business administration (management). The MBA degree originated in the United States in the early 20th century when the country industrialized and companies sought scientific approaches to management. The core courses in an MBA program cover various areas of business such as accounting, finance, marketing, human resources and operations in a manner most relevant to management analysis and strategy. Most programs also include elective courses. Accreditation bodies specifically for MBA programs ensure consistency and quality of education. Business schools in many countries offer programs tailored to full-time, part-time, executive, and distance learning students, many with specialized concentrations. ==History== The first graduate school of business in the United States was the Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth College.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tuck School of Business History )〕 Founded in 1900, it conferred the first advanced degree in business, specifically, a Master of Science in Commerce, the predecessor to the MBA. The Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration established the first MBA program in 1908, with 15 faculty members, 33 regular students, and 47 special students.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History – About Us – Harvard Business School )〕 Its first-year curriculum was based on Frederick Winslow Taylor's scientific management. The number of MBA students at Harvard increased quickly, from 80 in 1908, over 300 in 1920, and 1070 in 1930. At this time, only American universities offered MBAs. Other countries preferred that people learned business on the job.〔 Other milestones include: * 1930: First management and leadership education program for executives and mid-career experienced managers (the Sloan Fellows Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology). * 1943: First Executive MBA (EMBA) program for working professionals at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business.〔(Key Facts | The University of Chicago Booth School of Business ). Chicagobooth.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-26.〕 Chicago was also the first business school to establish permanent campuses on three continents in Chicago (USA), Barcelona (Europe) and Singapore (Asia). Most business schools today offer a global component to their executive MBA. Since the program was established, the school has moved its campuses and is now based in Chicago, London and Hong Kong. * 1946: First MBA focused on global management at Thunderbird School of Global Management.〔(International Business School & MBA Programs | Thunderbird School of Global Management ). Thunderbird.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-26.〕 * 1950: First MBA outside of the United States, in Canada (Richard Ivey School of Business at The University of Western Ontario),〔(Richard Ivey School of Business ) page showing awarding of first MBA in 1950, one year ahead of the University of Pretoria's claim〕 followed by the University of Pretoria in South Africa in 1951.〔(University of Pretoria ) page claiming to have awarded the first MBA outside of America〕 * 1955: First MBA offered at an Asian school at the Institute of Business Administration Karachi at the University of Karachi in Pakistan, in collaboration with the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.〔(Iba.edu.pk )〕 * 1957: First MBA offered at a European school (INSEAD).〔(Insead MBA )〕 * 1986: First MBA program requiring every student to have a laptop computer in the classroom at the Roy E. Crummer Graduate School of Business at Rollins College (Florida). Beginning with the 1992–1993 academic year, Columbia Business School required all incoming students to purchase a laptop computer with standard software, becoming the first business school to do so.〔http://spectatorarchive.library.columbia.edu/cgi-bin/columbia?a=d&d=cs19920918-01.2.4&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN------〕〔http://www.micsymposium.org/mics_1998/proceedings.pdf〕 * 1994: First online executive MBA program at Athabasca University (Canada). The MBA degree has been adopted by universities worldwide in both developed and developing countries.〔McIntyre, John R. and Ilan Alon, eds. (2005), ''Business and Management Education in Transitioning and Developing Countries: A Handbook'', Armonk, NY: ME Sharpe.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Master of Business Administration」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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